MASS DEPORTATION OF LATINOS IMMINENT

Dr Segun Masha

January 24, 2019
32 min read

A Vision of MASS DEPORTATION of Latinos from America:

In the year 2019, I had a very unique and interestingly fearful dream in which I saw what would be millions and millions of Latinos being deported from the United States. The dream started with me being taken into the presence of the Lord Jesus Christ where He blessed me and told me of His plan to make a channel of blessing to the nations. Afterwards, but still in the dream, I was very happy, joyful I would say, as I returned home, to America as it was in the dream, heading towards Kenessaw through Marietta. I was so excited; and singing aloud a song about being blessed to be a blessing, essentially thanking the Lord for making me a blessing to the nations. I repeatedly sang this song, over and over again, as I approached the City of Marietta until I came to an abrupt stop because of what I saw:

AND WHAT DID I SEE? I saw what would be millions and millions of Latinos being deported from the United States; with their luggage and stuff, children and babies, having to trek very long distance; there was so much confusion and disarray.

And so, in that mode of shock, I asked them:

What’s going on, why are you leaving, what happened, and where are you going?
They asked us to leave, they responded.
Who asked you to leave, who asked you to leave?
The Government, they responded.
Why did they ask you to leave? I asked, frantically!
They asked us to leave, they asked us to leave; that was all they told me.
Then I said to them, No, you can’t leave, they can’t ask you to leave, you are legit, you are American citizens, they cant ask you to leave.
But they responded in the same fearful and anxious manner; they asked us to leave…

And so, it was at that point that I realized that something dangerous had happened in America, and that the Latinos have been targeted and are now being persecuted as a result. It felt so bad, so wrong. Then, almost immediately, a thought crossed my mind: We are all in danger of being destroyed and or sent on unplanned exodus, en mass. For if they can drive out Latino-Americans (for whom they have a little bit of respect), what do you think they would do to us Africans and African-Americans for whom they have no respect at all? It was at that point that I became alarmed: My family, my family, I said to myself, I must rescue my family. Panic gripped me, and in haste, I began to run towards Kennesaw City to rescue my family. And then the Holy Spirit said to me, Be careful, look! So, I looked ahead of me, and what I saw shocked me to my core:

I saw the following:

Heavily militarized police on the streets, with their bulletproof vests and stuff,
Unfriendly heavily weaponized soldiers, with helmets, goggles and communication radios,
Armored tanks and Humvees on the streets, like the ones used in the Iraq war, and
A cold and sinister atmosphere, dark, with no one on the streets; barricades everywhere.
I saw America at war, not with foreign invaders, but with its own people, people they don’t consider as legitimate citizens of America.

Then something more interesting happened: God enabled me (by His supernatural power) to listen-in on the conversations of the top government officials and understand their secret communications:

I heard the cryptic voice of a peculiar a female government official: she had to be a President, or vice president, or something at that level; someone very powerful, highly placed. She was speaking in that cryptic tone of a voice to someone also highly placed. The conversation was supposed to be top-secret, but God allowed me to hear and understand everything that was being said.

I could hear her saying something like, :

“We have secured the goods. Now send in the #$x^#@+ to finish the job.”

Indeed, she coded the message, but by God I understood exactly what she meant: We have rounded them up; now send in the assassins to massacre them.

In so many words, she was saying, send in the mercenaries, the merciless killers, to slaughter these useless people. And she said it with so much disdain and coldness that you can’t imagine possible of a woman.

As expected, when I heard that, I became so alarmed that I quickly took cover under the dark. I didn’t know what else to do than to pray. I knew it would be dangerous and foolish to try to engage those military guys, or try to walk openly on the street to go to Kennesaw to rescue my family; that would probably be my end. But I was determined to go on and rescue my family.

So, I decided to take the back road, thinking that the back road would be quieter and safer. But I wrong because everywhere in the United States was on lock down. So, I prayed and asked the Lord for help:

Lord, I said, Please make me invisible to these people, I really need to rescue my family.
And God said, Okay, I make you invisible.

Immediately, I became invisible to them, and proceed, carefully, to rescue my family.

Then, I ran into some families who were hiding from the mercenaries. They had a lot of questions to which they needed answers. I answered them as much as I could, telling them all that the Lord had told me prior to the time. A few other things happened, but the long and short of this story is that I did not get to my destination before I woke up from the dream.

It was very scary feeling for me. I knew very clearly that God was telling me, through this dream, that the time is coming, and is now here, that American government; some crazy administration with a sinister populist agenda will do exactly what I had just seen in my dream; and I would need to get out before all that begins to take place.

I say, En Mass Deportation of American Citizens by a Despot, quite possible! But you say, no way, not in America!

QUITE POSSIBLE: a Despotic Leader, an Authoritarian Regime in America.

I assure you that when it comes to mass deportation, it does not really matter to a despotic regime that you are legal or illegal, anyone they consider as “foreign” or tag as an “enemy of the State” will be targeted, arrested and charged with crimes, false crimes for that matter, and summarily jailed, deported or executed.

In the American context, it’s only a matter of time for a despot (dictator, autocrat, tyrant, authoritarian, disciplinarian) to arise.

First of all, you have to understand that we are in the last days of the end times, and all manner of impossible things will happen to pave the way for the end time crises that will warrant the need for a ONE WORLD RELIGION under a NEW WORLD ORDER led by a Despot; and America, I believe, is the epicenter of it all.

You also have to understand that most despotic leaders do not show their true colors until they are elected or appointed to the throne. And all that it will take for the evil that I saw in the dream to happen is for a despotic leader to come in at a time when America will be at war against itself; a civil war, which has began, subtly, already.

EXCERPT FROM MY BOOK, TERROR UNPRECEDENTED.

A nation divided against itself:

In 2000, I saw a vision in which America was involved in a war. In the first scene, there were many helicopters and jets equipped with guns and bombs. Then, the scene changed, and I saw the nation involved in another war— a different kind of war, a war that prompted me to ask the question: “Why is America fighting against America?”

Afterward, there was so much panic in the land. And the Lord said to me, “Get hold of your passport!” Immediately I ran to the room where my passport was, got hold of it, and came back. Then the Spirit of the Lord took me up to a great height, where I could see everything from above. From this vantage point, I saw “the four corners” of the world [not suggesting that the earth is flat]. With the Lord directing me, I went to the nations of the earth, one after the other, to rescue people. I went swiftly, telling the people what was about to happen, and the people eagerly responded and gladly followed me, because they knew I was telling the truth as it came from God Almighty. Then I woke up.

As we transitioned into the new millennium, the Lord began to define my purpose, mission, and destiny, even as it relates to my calling as a prophet to the nations and as an instrument of change and transformation in these end-times. The passport in my vision represented the Holy Spirit and the power He bestows. It is that power that grants access, authority, and wisdom to a person called to fulfill the mandate of God. In this particular vision, there were three basic revelatory components:

• First: The first war involving America was with heavy military weapons and artillery including aircraft, missiles, and others. This, I believe, is the current Iraq War.

• Second: Then came another kind of war, which I believe is the current internal social, economic, and political conflict and rancor now engulfing America, especially now with Donald Trump and his supremacists allies who look down on everybody else. This has brought so much division among the American people to the point that, in that vision, I asked why the nation was at war with itself.

• Third: Right before the inevitable, I was empowered by God to bring forth a message of hope, relief, and deliverance, not just to the American people, but also to the four corners of the earth. Thus, will begin the revival that many have prophesied to storm the world. But many do not know how it will begin or what will prompt it. Nevertheless, the Church must be well prepared for this coming rush, as millions of people will put their trust in the Lord and be saved. We are now beginning to see clear signs of the coming desolation that will quicken the revival and cause the Gospel of the Kingdom to be“preached in all the world for a witness unto all nations; and then shall the end come” (Matthew 24:14).

:: AMERICA DIVIDED

On the international scene, America remains a most controversial figure, especially with this awfully controversial war in Iraq. At home, the nation is at war against itself. And so the prophetic question as to why America is fighting against America points to the spiritual condition of a nation divided against itself; and scripturally speaking, a nation divided against itself cannot stand. Today, America as a nation is divided over almost everything, including God. Thus the nation is now riddled with national and international controversies, and this will grow in intensity until a civil war breaks out.

The war in Iraq and everything associated with it has generated the rancor that has continued to undermine the fabric of the American society. Sadly, a majority of Americans fail to see the handwriting on the wall. They fail to understand that a Terror Unprecedented is about to occur, and the Iraq War is antecedent to it. Though people are beginning to sense the perilous times in which we now live, some would rather take a politically correct position, contending that the social, economic, and political crises plaguing the American society today are typical. The truth is, America is now manifesting the characteristics of a spiritually fractured society. These crises are actually signals of the spiritual flaw that will ultimately make way for the most feared external aggression of our time. The enemy understands that it is only a matter of time before the nation’s protective wall cracks-open, and access is granted; for, again, a nation divided against itself cannot stand:

Matthew 12:25: …Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand…

Mark 3:24: And if a kingdom be divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand.

I have the privilege of hearing from God and understanding the warning signals of these times. A part of those warning signals for this hour is the war in Iraq, a war that was revealed to me three years before it officially began in March of 2003. Thus God has compelled me to bring you this revelatory message of freedom and deliverance.

Excerpt from Terror Unprecedented, updated 2024.

End……………………………………

New post

DESPOTISM AND THE Obama 2012 NDAA:

Surely, a despotic leader will arise in America, and he will seize the opportunity presented by a civil war (even the possibility of it) to trigger a police state, and whip up some evil manipulative agenda to mobilize the police and the military and paramilitary forces, alongside all manner of wicked political and civil apparatus entrenched in the American system to garner power to himself.

Today, I believe that that despot will be none other than Barak Obama. Why do I think so? Because in the dream I had in 2012, as Barak Obama was being re-elected as President, of this vision I saw in 2012:

2012: that President Barak Obama would be re-elected for a second term in office in the 2012 Presidential election. I also said that America will soon become a Police State, and that the President will become so powerful that he will be able to throw people in prison indefinitely, I guess without trial.

Little did not know the signing of the 2011/12 NDAA by President Barak Obama preceded this prophecy.
I find it interesting and peculiar that in all the history of NDAA in America, only this particular one signed by Obama has the built-in potential for dictatorship in America.

And if by now you don’t understand that America is headed towards despotism, you are probably living in a bubble, for all is set to take the nation intothe era of:

Engineered immigration crimes,
Pre-dawn raids and crackdowns,
Militarized mass deportation and
Mass detention camps.

And with the way things are going now and the way things are going to turn out soon, I see a full-blown dictatorship happening in America in less than a decade from now.

I recently saw some articles having to do with this particular subject and I thought it would be helpful to bring it to your attention to see if it better illustrates what mass deportations would look like in the American context:

1. Article from Axios:

The despot and his despotic government will act by:

“Mobilizing the ICE agents — along with the FBI, the Drug Enforcement Administration, federal prosecutors, the National Guard, and even state and local law enforcement officers — to carry out deportations of undocumented immigrants,…”

Fast-track deportations — now reserved for recent crossers encountered near the border — would be expanded to apply to anyone who illegally crossed the border and couldn’t prove they’d been living in the U.S. for more than two years.

“… curtail the usual multistep deportation process by using an obscure section of the 1798 Alien and Sedition Acts to immediately round up and deport some migrants with criminal histories.

The military would build massive sites near the border to hold people awaiting deportation.

It could evoke scenes from the 1950s, when more than 1 million undocumented Mexican immigrants were deported under President Eisenhower.

It was the largest deportation operation in U.S. history. The vast majority of Americans alive today have never seen anything like it.
The operation used military-style tactics to round up and house up to 1.3 million people from Mexico — and even some Mexican Americans who were U.S. citizens — according to federal immigration records. Scholars say there could have been many more.

The dollar cost of Trump’s plan is unclear, and there’s plenty of skepticism whether he could pull it off.

Trump has made similar promises in the past, but deportation levels during his presidency never reached what they were under his predecessor, Barack Obama.
The human costs of Trump’s plan — to families, the economies of local communities, employers and more — could ripple across the nation, analysts say.

Between the lines: Among Trump’s targets would be sponsors of unaccompanied minorswho crossed the border without their parents, according to the source familiar with the plan.

The government releases migrant children to these sponsors, who typically are the children’s relatives — some without legal status.
Hundreds of thousands of people also have been admitted into the U.S. under Biden’s use of “parole,” a program guaranteeing protection for two years. Trump’s plan could target those with expiring protection for quick deportation.

Flashback: Besides the Eisenhower deportations, Trump’s plan alludes to the forced “repatriations” of Mexicans in the 1930s.

About 39% of the 10.5 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S. today are of Mexican nationality, so that group likely would be targeted again — along with an estimated 2.2 million undocumented people from Central America.

The intrigue: Unlike the mass deportations in the past, there would be pushback today from Democratic-led states, well-organized Latino advocacy groups and “sanctuary cities.”

Employers, community leaders and churches also would fight back, David J. Bier, associate director of immigration studies at the Cato Institute, tells Axios.
“I can tell you that I, for one, would be a party to any lawsuit, any action, or any coalition” challenging Trump’s plan, U.S. Rep. Sylvia Garcia (D-Texas) tells Axios.

Yes, but: Texas’ aggressive actions on the border and the vocal support from other GOP-led states indicate Trump would have some state-level allies for his program.

There are roughly 2.9 million undocumented immigrants just in Texas, Florida and Georgia.

State of play: Top policymakers acknowledge that immigrants — including those who recently crossed the border illegally — have played a role in easing inflation and helping the economy avoid a recession after the pandemic.

It’s a key reason why the Congressional Budget Office said this week it expects the United States’ GDP to be a stunning $7 trillion greater over the next 10 years than it initially projected in 2023.
A rebounding supply of workers helped heal the acute labor shortages in recent years that drove up wages and costs that businesses passed on to consumers.
“[A] big part of the story of the labor market coming back into better balance is immigration returning to levels that were more typical of the pre-pandemic era,” Federal Reserve chair Jerome Powell told “60 Minutes” last week.

Don’t forget: Recent deportation surges damaged some local economies.

In 2011, for example, unpicked crops rotted in Alabama after the state passed a harsh anti-immigrant bill, and as the Obama administration aggressively went after undocumented immigrants.

Xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx end AXIOS article xxxxxxxxx

2. Articles from Washington Post:

Trump and allies planning militarized mass deportations, detention camps

As president, Trump sought to use military planes and bases for deportation. Now, he and his allies are talking about a new effort that current and former officials warn could be impractical and dangerous.

By Isaac Arnsdorf, Nick Miroff and Josh Dawsey Updated February 21, 2024 at 1:58 p.m. EST|Published February 21, 2024 at 5:00 a.m. EST

Migrants are gathered inside the fence of a makeshift detention center in El Paso on March 27, 2019. (Sergio Flores for The Washington Post)

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Faced with a surge of migrant families at the U.S.-Mexico border in 2018 and 2019, Donald Trump’s White House discussed ways to more aggressively deploy the resources and the might of the U.S. military.

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Aides and officials spoke privately about detaining migrants on military bases and flying them out of the country on military planes — ideas that the Pentagon headed off. Throughout his presidency, Trump himself would frequently demand to send troops to the border and catch people crossing.

“He was obsessed with having the military involved,” said a former senior administration official, who, like others, spoke on the condition of anonymity to describe private discussions.

That approach and unfinished business have taken on renewed significance and urgency as the country confronts another migrant crisis on the U.S.-Mexico border, and as Trump closes in on the Republican presidential nomination. The former president is making immigration a core campaign theme, promoting a proposal for an unprecedented deportation effort if he is returned to power.

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Trump pledges that as president he would immediately launch “the largest domestic deportation operation in American history.” As a model, he points to an Eisenhower-era program known as “Operation Wetback,” using a derogatory slur for Mexican migrants. The operation used military tactics to round up and remove migrant workers, sometimes transporting them in dangerous conditions that led to some deaths. Former administration officials and policy experts said staging an even larger operation today would face a bottleneck in detention space — a problem that Trump adviser Stephen Miller and other allies have proposed addressing by building mass deportation camps.

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“Americans can expect that immediately upon President Trump’s return to the Oval Office, he will restore all of his prior policies, implement brand new crackdowns that will send shock waves to all the world’s criminal smugglers, and marshal every federal and state power necessary to institute the largest deportation operation in American history,” said Trump campaign spokeswoman Karoline Leavitt in a statement. She added that undocumented immigrants “should not get comfortable because very soon they will be going home.”

Trump has made similar promises and hasused inflammatory smears since his 2016 campaign. But he, his aides and allies say a second turn in office would be more effective in operating the levers of the federal bureaucracy and less vulnerable to internal resistance. During his term, former officials said, Trump learned to install more officials at the Department of Homeland Security who would carry out his orders instead of trying to curb his impulses.

Throughout his current campaign, the former president has exerted his influence on the immigration policy debate on several fronts. He pressured congressional Republicans to reject a bipartisan compromise to expand enforcement funding and powers, arguing that it would give the Democrats a political victory and that it was not restrictive enough. He has alsoescalated his use of dehumanizing language to describe migrants, accusing them of “poisoning the blood of our country” and calling the record unauthorized border crossings an “invasion,” an “open wound” and a source of imminent terrorist attacks.

But his deportation proposal is one part of his emerging platform that experts, current and former government officials and others described as especially alarming, impractical and prone to significant legal and logistical hurdles.

“You’re talking about officers in tactical gear going into communities, being videotaped in the streets, putting kids in car seats, carrying baby formula. Then what do you do with those families?” said Jason Houser, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s chief of stafffrom January 2022 until March 2023. “Are you going to go into neighborhoods in Philly, New York, Baltimore and start tugging people out of communities? That’s what they want. It puts law enforcement and the communities at risk.”

Reflecting on the ideas Trump and his team discussed during his presidency, Houser said, “Their ideas were psychotic.”

‘The military will be deployed’

Trump’s aides are encouraged by polls showing voters prioritizing immigration and trusting him more than President Biden on the issue. But there is some disagreement in his circles on the specifics.

While advisers agree on border security, building a wall on the southern border and deporting migrants who have committed crimes after entering the country as winning political issues, one adviser expressed concern that promising to deport massive numbers of people who haven’t been convicted of a crime could hurt Trump in a general election campaign. Trump’s language and proposals are already under heavy criticism from the Biden campaign, as well as pro-immigration and civil liberties groups.

“Trump is following the 20th century dictator’s playbook of dehumanizing vulnerable groups in order to isolate them and justify cruelty by the state,” Genevieve Nadeau, a former DHS lawyer, said in a report by the nonpartisan organization Protect Democracy. “He’s backing up his rhetoric by threatening to invoke extreme and novel legal tools to effectuate an agenda of inhumanity on a scale we haven’t seen for generations. We should expect him to follow through on his pledges.”

The Trump campaign has also said he would sign an executive order on his first day in office to withhold passports, Social Security numbers and other government benefits from children of undocumented immigrants born in the United States. The idea of challenging the 14th Amendment’s guarantee of birthright citizenship would be sure to draw a court challenge. The proposal has been raised by Trump and Miller before, but the specific promise of an executive order indicated the campaign has put further effort into fleshing it out.

Some in the Trump campaign have tried to tamp down talk of mass deportations and have become frustrated with some outside allies, the Trump adviser said. But another person close to the campaign said Trump and his team remain in touch with Miller, who has described “large-scale raids” and “throughput facilities.” Trump advisers view Miller as the leading authority on “America First” immigration policy, and he is widely expected to reenter the West Wing if Trump wins in November.

“I don’t care what the hell happens in this world,” Miller said on a Feb. 5 podcast interview with right-wing activist Charlie Kirk. “If President Trump gets reelected, the border’s going to be sealed, the military will be deployed, the National Guard will be activated, and the illegals are going home.”

Republicans frustrated with Biden have increasingly promoted the idea of militarized immigration enforcement. In Texas, Gov. Greg Abbott (R) has deployed thousands of National Guard soldiers to stop crossings along the Rio Grande, where he announced plans Friday to build a military base to house the troops.

Trump and his campaign have offered few details about how he would implement his deportation operation, other than to “use all necessary federal, state, local and military resources.”

The pool of potential deportees is large. There are about 11 million immigrants in the United States without legal status, according to the most recent estimates. Nearly 7 million of those are known to ICE, which maintains a vast database of people eligible for deportation whose asylum claims and immigration cases are still pending.

A smaller subset of that caseload — about 1.3 million people — remain in the United States despite having received a deportation order from an immigration judge. These potential deportees, if taken into custody, are the easiest for the government to send home, because they have already received due process. But the government often doesn’t know where they are.

Beyond those challenges, there are other major logistical and operational obstacles to the kind of mass deportations Trump has promised. The first is available personnel: ICE only has about 6,000 deportation officers nationwide. The amount of time it takes to recruit, hire, screen and train a new deportation officer is about two years, according to current and former ICE officials.

Detention space is also squeezed. The Biden administration is using about 38,000 beds at immigration jails and other facilities that hold migrants awaiting deportation. During the Trump years, the number exceeded 50,000, but never reached the kinds of capacity levels necessary for the kind of mega-deportation system Trump envisions.

Some ICE officials said the agency could find more available beds in county jails. But Trump surrogates have gone further, suggesting they would put migrants in “camps” or “tents.”

“So you go around the country arresting illegal immigrants in large-scale raids, you have to have somewhere to put them,” Miller said in a November podcast interview with Kirk. “So you create this efficiency by having these standing facilities where planes are moving off the runway constantly — probably military aircraft, some existing DHS assets — and that’s how you’re able to scale.”

Miller also suggested using National Guard troops, state police and other federal law enforcement agencies as force multipliers, even sending National Guard troops from Republican-led states into neighboring states governed by Democrats. “If you’re going to go into an unfriendly state like Maryland, well, they would just be Virginia doing the arrest in Maryland,” he said in the November podcast interview.

Such street-level roundups are so resource-intensive that many ICE officials view them as impractical. The operations require officers to locate migrants and surveil them to determine a safe opportunity to make an arrest. Such arrests often depend on the cooperation of local police.

“The most crucial part of any law enforcement effort is not to undermine popular support for that effort, and that means doing it legally, doing it respectfully and doing it properly,” said Andrew Arthur, a former immigration judge who is now at the Center for Immigration Studies, which seeks tighter restrictions.

To arrest and deport families with children, the preparations are even more time-consuming. An operation targeting 20 to 30 families for arrest takes two to three weeks of planning, said Houser, the former ICE chief of staff. For ICE to reach a target of 300,000 to 500,000 deportations per year — a far more modest goal than Trump’s — Houser said the agency would need two to three times as many deportation officers as ICE has.

“You’re talking about building a major logistics apparatus that would still have to meet court and legal requirements for health care and child care,” he said.

ICE officers and staff are burned out by the pace and intensity of their work over the past several years, according to a veteran DHS official who was not authorized to speak to reporters. For other law enforcement agencies, the drain on their resources would come at the expense of other legitimate priorities, the former DHS official said, and the operation would have to be continuous to deter new arrivals.

“It feels shortsighted, stupid and an enormous waste of money,” the official said.

Another problem is so-called “recalcitrant countries” that limit or refuse to take back deportees. Nations such as Venezuela and Cuba are already under U.S. economic sanctions, leaving Washington with reduced leverage to compel them to take more deportation flights.

Even other nations that remain U.S. allies in Latin America set conditions on the number of flights and deportees they’re willing to accept. Passenger manifests have to be sent several days in advance. It’s not as simple as loading hundreds of people into a military transport plane and dropping them off wherever the president wants.

A former senior administration official said Trump would be emboldened in a second term and insist on moving faster than his first administration did. The former president has repeatedly suggested he would act as a “dictator” on “day one” to close the border — sometimes adding that he made this comment in jest.

“We will do that immediately,” Trump said in a campaign video last year. “This invasion will not stand.”

‘I know it sounds harsh’

Trump’s and Miller’s determination to carry out mass deportations in a second term grew out of frustration with setbacks to their plans while Trump was in power.

In Trump’s first month as president, in 2017, a draft memo obtained by the Associated Press proposed deploying as many as 100,000 National Guard troops to arrest undocumented immigrants throughout the interior of the country. The memo was never implemented, but Trump did sign an executive order directing ICE to detain more unauthorizedimmigrants, including pregnant women and people without criminal records.

Trump pledged to immediately deport 2 million to 3 million people after his 2016 win but never came close to hitting those targets. At his administration’s high-water mark in 2019, ICE carried out 267,258 deportations and returns, Department of Homeland Security data show.

Trump officials likened the approach to “taking the shackles off,” but it generated a backlash that drove more cities and jurisdictions to adopt sanctuary policies limiting their cooperation with ICE. ICE officials have long preferred to take people into custody from a secure setting such as a jail to avoid the complex planning and adverse publicity of arrests in homes, workplaces or streets.

As the number of people in ICE custody jumped 22 percent in Trump’s first two years, the DHSinspector general uncovered “egregious violations of detention standards,” including inadequate medical care, expired food, lack of recreation, moldy bathrooms and inadequate clothing and hygiene supplies. A separate inspector general’s investigation found “dangerous overcrowding” in an El Paso facility, where a cell built for 25 people held 155.

In June 2018, reporters and human rights activists toured a facility in McAllen, Tex., where children slept under foil sheets surrounded by chain-link fencing, after DHS acknowledged separating children from their parents at the border. Public outrage over an audio clip of a sobbing child forced Trump to halt the practice. DHS later identified 4,227separated children, 3,147 of whom were reunited with their parent as ofNovember 2023.

Asked in 2023 whether he might reimpose family separation as president, Trump declined to rule it out and defended the policy. “I know it sounds harsh,” he said in a CNN town hall. “When you say to a family that if you come we’re going to break you up, they don’t come. And we can’t afford to have any more.”

In 2019, Trump ordered pre-dawn raids targeting 2,000 families in 10 cities who had received deportation orders, over concerns from top DHS officials about lack of preparation and the effect on children. The administration also changed immigration enforcement rules to expedite deportations of people who had been in the country for less than two years, making it possible to remove them without a hearing in front of an immigration judge.

“You think other countries have judges that give them trials?” Trump said in public remarks in 2018.

As the president’s top adviser on immigration matters, Miller advocated for invoking the Insurrection Act to mobilize the Department of Defense, according to the former officials. Pentagon officials balked at the idea of using military bases and planes, current and former officials recalled, citing concerns of getting mired in an open-ended commitment or compromising troop readiness.

The president himself would often demand to send troops to block the border, according to the former officials. Aides would explain to Trump the lack of budget or legal authority to use the military for immigration, including a law against using the military for domestic law enforcement, according to former national security adviser John Bolton.

“He couldn’t care less,” Bolton said.

Trump was generallymore focused on his signature campaign promise to build a wall on the border with Mexico, according to former officials.

“The pressure from the White House was always more about the wall,” a former senior DHS official said. “We didn’t really get significant pressure in the first term on deportations.”

Still, Trump would oftensay he wantedmore deportations and listened to immigration hard-liners, led by Miller, a former senior administration official said. The biggest deterrent, the official said, was limited space to house people while they were awaiting a court proceeding and not enough judges to move the proceedings quickly.

“Every time the hard-liners would say, ‘we need to start arresting them,’ I would say — as I said 50 times — in order to do this, we have to make all these things happen. That was the end of any conversation,” the former senior administration official said. “It’s not an overnight thing.”

Miller reached the conclusion that aggressive immigration enforcement had to be implemented as quickly as possible, without losing time by considering litigation risks, a former DHS official said. During Trump’s first term, immigration advocates and civil liberties groups repeatedly succeeded in halting or narrowing Trump’s policies through court challenges, and he could face similar challenges to a mass deportation operation.

Trump has specifically cited the Eisenhower example and defended its legacy. When CNN’s Jake Tapper noted in 2016 that many people considered it a “shameful chapter in American history,” Trump responded: “Some people do, and some people think it was a very effective chapter. … It was very successful, everyone said. So I mean, that’s the way it is.”

Press reports described the operation in the summer of 1954 as “an all-out war” with a wire-fenced “concentration camp” from which Mexicans were “herded aboard trains.” Others were forcibly marched through miles of rattlesnake-infested deserts or had their heads shaved — ostensibly for hygienic reasons but widely viewed as humiliating, according to historian Juan R. Garcia’s definitive book on the subject. The Red Cross intervened after many braceros, or temporary agricultural workers and laborers, were stranded in the desert, and 88 died of sunstroke, according to Columbia University historian Mae Ngai.

The deportations also used planes, buses and ships, including one built for up to 90 people that was crowded with 500, leading one lawmaker to compare it to a “penal ship.” The use of ships stopped after seven migrants drowned while trying to escape.

The Eisenhower effort“was a one-off,” Ngai said. Trump and his allies “are trying to figure out a way to do that in a sustained way.”

Election 2024

Get the latest news on the 2024 election from our reporters on the campaign trail and in Washington.

Who is running? President Biden and Donald Trump both secured their parties’ nominations for the presidency, formalizing a general-election rematch.

Key issues: Compare where the candidates stand on such issues as abortion, climate and the economy.

Key dates and events: From January to June, voters in all states and U.S. territories will pick their party’s nominee for president ahead of the summer conventions. Here are key dates and events on the 2024 election calendar.

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